Dr. Gerald Horne From Mali to Congo

-3/2 --------------------------- 1dragon --- k1 ------- 25-resonant

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qf51ypu1wDs
 Dr. Gerald Horne on Protests and Racism, Interview Only | Useful Idiots --- Rolling Stone ------ 904K subscribers ------ 34,346 views  Jun 6, 2020 ---- Historian and professor Dr. Gerald Horne joins hosts Katie Halper and Matt Taibbi to contextualize the current race protests through a historical lens.
i posted a small version of my comment on this one:

 Dr. Gerald Horne Teach in on Africa "From Mali to Congo"
Margaret Prescod - 645 subscribers ---- 17,570 views  Nov 20, 2013 ----- Featuring Dr. Gerald Horne, Professor of History and African American Studies, University of Houston, TX. Moderated by Sojourner Truth Radio's Margaret Prescod.
it's a good day when you discover people like JH ... full account here: https://admissionary.blogspot.com/2023/02/dr-gerald-horne-on-protests-rstone.html = 104th
added all recent notes including Testart - evolutionary anthropologist [sample below]
JH accounts for more than a few dimensions beyond the Ryan Dawson take on the matter

Testart: How can pledging one's name be the same thing as
slavery for debt, that is to say, the same as pledging one's liberty, or one's person? We may well pledge our name, and even our honour, in our own societies (one can be 'on one's honour' to reciprocate a loan), but them is no slavery for debt.
If Mauss had reproduced Boas's text completely, he could have answered the question we have asked.

 Here is the text:
When a person has a poor credit, he may pawn his name for a year. Then the name must not be used during that period, and for 30 blankets which he has borrowed he must pay 100 in order to redeem his name. This is called q'a'q'oaxo (selling a slave). (26)

This text could not be clearer: it is the name that is pledged, that one pawns. We know how important names are on the North-west Coast, of similar importance to titles, heraldic emblems, etc. A man who borrows pledges his name, which is already a great deal, but he does not pledge his person or his liberty. There is no slavery for debt, nor does the borrower sell one of his slaves to guarantee or to pay back a debt. The expression 'selling a slave' is pure metaphor. This is also the conclusion that one can draw from Curtis's text – a text which Mauss could have known since it was published some years before the Essay on the gift. In it Curtis deals with exactly the same phenomenon of borrowing, the same procedure (with an interest rate of 200 percent, analogous to the hundred blankets which in Boas’s account had to be repaid for the thirty borrowed), the same expression. But he gives more detail than Boas.